Desalination companies came
up with a solution called reverse osmosis in removing salt, minerals,
and impurities from a certain volume of fluid to produce clean
desalinated water. In performing reverse osmosis (RO), pressure is
applied to water in a container toward a semi-permeable membrane that
only pure water can permeate.
Kidneys and Osmosis
Based on what a person eats
or drinks, the human blood could end up concentrated with all sorts
of chemicals and substances. Through osmosis, your kidneys reabsorb
water and maintain your body’s water balance in order to filter out
most of the blood that flows through it. This process allows only
clean, oxygenated blood to flow through unhampered and produce urine
in the process.
Colloidal Particle
Problems
For the most part, RO
technology has had to contend with the fact that certain colloidal
substances are still able to pass through membranes—primarily
because of the very nature of colloids (dispersed particles that
cannot be separated mechanically). Thankfully, innovations like
ultrafiltration (UF) or microfiltration (MF) systems aid this
process.
Pretreatment
To prevent organic fouling
and contamination with colloidal particles, chlorine is usually added
to UF or MF membranes before pretreatment. While a high-quality RO
membrane cannot tolerate free chlorine, it can withstand high
concentrations of chloramines. Consequently, a chloramine
concentration of about 2-4 ppm should be effectively maintained in
wastewater.
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